JLPT N1 · な-adjective

孤独 (kodoku)

孤独 (こどく, kodoku) is a Japanese な-adjective meaning “solitude; loneliness”. It appears in JLPT N1 vocabulary lists and is marked as a common word in JMdict.

Reading: こどく
Romaji: kodoku
Word class: な-adjective
Level: JLPT N1 (unofficial)

Meaning

solitude; loneliness; isolation · noun, な-adjective, noun taking の

Example sentences

私はこの上なくさびしく、孤独だ。

I am as sad and lonely as can be.

Tatoeba #160850

Sentences from the Tatoeba project, linked to this word in JMdict.

Conjugation of 孤独

な-adjective. Plain and polite forms below; try any other word in the Japanese verb conjugator.

Form	Japanese	Reading
Present (plain)	孤独だ	こどくだ kodokuda
Present (polite)	孤独です	こどくです kodokudesu
Negative	孤独じゃない	こどくじゃない kodokujanai
Past	孤独だった	こどくだった kodokudatta
Negative past	孤独じゃなかった	こどくじゃなかった kodokujanakatta
Te-form	孤独で	こどくで kodokude
Before a noun	孤独な	こどくな kodokuna
Adverb (~ni)	孤独に	こどくに kodokuni

Kanji in 孤独

孤

orphan, aloneコ · 9 strokes

独

single, alone, spontaneouslyドク・トク・ひと.り · 9 strokes

Related words

Other vocabulary sharing a kanji with 孤独.

孤児こじorphan孤立こりつisolation独身どくしんunmarried独特どくとくpeculiarity独立どくりつindependence独りひとりone person独り言ひとりごとsoliloquy独裁どくさいdictatorship独自どくじoriginal独占どくせんmonopoly独創どくそうoriginality単独たんどくsole

Source: JMdict entry 1266850 (EDRDG, CC BY-SA 4.0). Level: unofficial JLPT list – how levels are assigned.