I Love Kanji居る (iru)
居る (いる, iru) is a Japanese verb meaning “to be (of animate objects); to exist”. It is usually written in kana. It appears in JLPT N5 vocabulary lists and is marked as a common word in JMdict.
- Reading
- いる
- Romaji
- iru
- Word class
- Ichidan verb (る-verb)
- Level
- JLPT N5 (unofficial)
Meaning
- to be (of animate objects); to exist · ichidan verb, intransitive · usually written in kana
- to stay · ichidan verb, intransitive · usually written in kana
- to be ...-ing · auxiliary verb, ichidan verb · usually written in kana · after the -te form of a verb; indicates continuing action
- to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed · auxiliary verb, ichidan verb · usually written in kana · after the -te form of a verb; indicates continuing state
Example sentences
Sentences from the Tatoeba project, linked to this word in JMdict.
Conjugation of 居る
Ichidan verb (る-verb). Plain and polite forms below; try any other word in the Japanese verb conjugator.
| Form | Japanese | Reading |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 居る | いる iru |
| Polite (~masu) | 居ます | います imasu |
| Negative | 居ない | いない inai |
| Polite negative | 居ません | いません imasen |
| Past | 居た | いた ita |
| Polite past | 居ました | いました imashita |
| Negative past | 居なかった | いなかった inakatta |
| Te-form | 居て | いて ite |
| Potential | 居られる | いられる irareru |
| Passive | 居られる | いられる irareru |
| Causative | 居させる | いさせる isaseru |
| Volitional | 居よう | いよう iyou |
| Imperative | 居ろ | いろ iro |
| Conditional (~ba) | 居れば | いれば ireba |
Kanji in 居る
Related words
Other vocabulary sharing a kanji with 居る.
芝居しばいplay居間いまliving room (Western style)居眠りいねむりnodding off (while sitting)住居じゅうきょdwelling皇居こうきょImperial Palace (of Japan)鳥居とりいtorii (Shinto shrine archway)隠居いんきょretirement (from work)居住きょじゅうresidence転居てんきょmoving同居どうきょliving together
Source: JMdict entry 1577980 (EDRDG, CC BY-SA 4.0). Level: unofficial JLPT list – how levels are assigned.