JLPT N3 · Verb

下る (kudaru)

下る (くだる, kudaru) is a Japanese verb meaning “to descend; to go down”. It appears in JLPT N3 vocabulary lists and is marked as a common word in JMdict.

Reading
くだる
Romaji
kudaru
Word class
Godan verb (う-verb) ending in る
Level
JLPT N3 (unofficial)

Meaning

  1. to descend; to go down; to come down · godan verb, intransitive
  2. to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.) · godan verb, intransitive
  3. to pass (of time) · godan verb, intransitive
  4. to surrender; to capitulate · godan verb, intransitive
  5. to be less than; to be inferior to · godan verb, intransitive · often in neg. form

Example sentences

山を下ったところに学校がある。
There is a school down the mountain.
彼は懲役十年で、女房には三年の刑が下った。
He was given ten years and his wife three.

Sentences from the Tatoeba project, linked to this word in JMdict.

Conjugation of 下る

Godan verb (う-verb) ending in る. Plain and polite forms below; try any other word in the Japanese verb conjugator.

FormJapaneseReading
Dictionary下るくだる kudaru
Polite (~masu)下りますくだります kudarimasu
Negative下らないくだらない kudaranai
Polite negative下りませんくだりません kudarimasen
Past下ったくだった kudatta
Polite past下りましたくだりました kudarimashita
Negative past下らなかったくだらなかった kudaranakatta
Te-form下ってくだって kudatte
Potential下れるくだれる kudareru
Passive下られるくだられる kudarareru
Causative下らせるくだらせる kudaraseru
Volitional下ろうくだろう kudarou
Imperative下れくだれ kudare
Conditional (~ba)下ればくだれば kudareba

Kanji in 下る

Related words

Other vocabulary sharing a kanji with 下る.

Source: JMdict entry 1184450 (EDRDG, CC BY-SA 4.0). Level: unofficial JLPT list – how levels are assigned.