I Love Kanji営む (itonamu)
営む (いとなむ, itonamu) is a Japanese verb meaning “to run (a business); to operate”. It appears in JLPT N1 vocabulary lists and is marked as a common word in JMdict.
- Reading
- いとなむ
- Romaji
- itonamu
- Word class
- Godan verb (う-verb) ending in む
- Level
- JLPT N1 (unofficial)
Meaning
- to run (a business); to operate; to conduct; to practice (law, medicine, etc.) · godan verb, transitive
- to carry out; to perform; to lead (a life) · godan verb, transitive
- to hold (a Buddhist or Shinto ceremony) · godan verb, transitive
Example sentences
Sentences from the Tatoeba project, linked to this word in JMdict.
Conjugation of 営む
Godan verb (う-verb) ending in む. Plain and polite forms below; try any other word in the Japanese verb conjugator.
| Form | Japanese | Reading |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 営む | いとなむ itonamu |
| Polite (~masu) | 営みます | いとなみます itonamimasu |
| Negative | 営まない | いとなまない itonamanai |
| Polite negative | 営みません | いとなみません itonamimasen |
| Past | 営んだ | いとなんだ itonanda |
| Polite past | 営みました | いとなみました itonamimashita |
| Negative past | 営まなかった | いとなまなかった itonamanakatta |
| Te-form | 営んで | いとなんで itonande |
| Potential | 営める | いとなめる itonameru |
| Passive | 営まれる | いとなまれる itonamareru |
| Causative | 営ませる | いとなませる itonamaseru |
| Volitional | 営もう | いとなもう itonamou |
| Imperative | 営め | いとなめ itoname |
| Conditional (~ba) | 営めば | いとなめば itonameba |
Kanji in 営む
Related words
Other vocabulary sharing a kanji with 営む.
Source: JMdict entry 1173420 (EDRDG, CC BY-SA 4.0). Level: unofficial JLPT list – how levels are assigned.